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This will exaggerate one area of the sound's spectrum, making it easier to distinguish from the others. A common technique used to familiarize oneself with a sound is to temporarily boost a range of frequencies using a bell filter and then slowly sweep up and down the frequency spectrum. Since there are many variations of each instrument and a broad spectrum of frequencies to control (20 Hz to 20 kHz), it will take some time to understand how a given instrument's spectrum contributes to its particular character (check out our frequency range characteristics article for additional reference). How specific frequencies contribute to the overall character of an instrument is by far the most important thing to learn when you're just starting out using an EQ. In dance music in particular, automating the cutoff frequency on a high or low pass filter can be an effective way to introduce a feeling of movement between transitions.īand pass filters can be useful for making a sound seem like it is coming from a bandwidth-limited device, such as a radio or small speaker.

Low pass filters can be used to get rid of harmonic content (common when crafting a synthesized sound), to make a sound seem further away, or as a creative effect. A high pass filter is often the first tool a mixing engineer will reach for when setting up a mix and familiarizing themselves with the signals present. The high pass filter is a useful tool for getting rid of bleed or other non-musical sounds below the frequency range of an instrument. In this case, only frequencies between the two cutoff frequencies will be allowed to pass. If you use a high pass filter and a low pass filter in conjunction, they result in what is called a band pass filter (BPF). You will also see these filters abbreviated as HPF or LPF, respectively. This is why they are sometimes referred to as high cut filters.

Conversely, low pass filters allow low frequencies to pass, unaffected, while cutting high frequencies above the cutoff frequency. This is why they are sometimes referred to as low cut filters. High pass filters, as the name suggests, allow high frequencies to pass, unaffected, while eliminating (or 'cutting') low frequencies below the cutoff frequency. The names of these filters can sometimes cause confusion for new users, so let's take a moment to clarify some vocabulary. The amount of reduction is expressed in dB per octave (dB/oct). High and low pass filters are always subtractive, allowing us to reduce the energy above or below a given frequency (the cutoff frequency).